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HMS ''Ambuscade'' was a British Royal Navy destroyer which served in the Second World War. She and her Thornycroft competitor, , were prototypes designed to exploit advances in construction and machinery since World War I and formed the basis of Royal Navy destroyer evolution up to the of 1936. She was launched at Yarrow on 15 January 1926, served in World War II, and was broken up at Troon in 1946. ==Design and construction== In November 1923, the Admiralty issued a request to the major British shipyards specialising in destroyers for designs for the first destroyers to be built for the Royal Navy since the end of the First World War. The ships were required to carry a similar armament to that of the preceding war-built W-class destroyers (i.e. four 4.7 in (120 mm) guns and six 21 in (533 mm) torpedo tubes) but to have a longer range, at least at cruising speed. A speed of at least was required, and the ships were to be no more than long between perpendiculars (pp).〔Friedman 2009, pp. 188–190.〕〔English 1993, pp. 7–8.〕 The winning designs were those from Yarrow and Thornycroft, and orders for one ship each placed in June 1924.〔English 1993, p. 9.〕 Yarrow's design, which became HMS ''Ambuscade'', was smaller and lighter ( long (pp) and full load displacement) than Thornycroft's ( pp long and full load).〔Whitley 2000, p. 96.〕 The ship was fitted with Yarrow's distinctive inward sloping stern, which Yarrow claimed increased the ship's speed by up to compared to a conventional V-shaped stern.〔Friedman 2009, pp. 180, 190.〕 In order to provide the increased fuel economy required by the specification, ''Ambuscade'' was fitted three 4-drum Yarrow boilers with air pre-heating, working at a pressure of and of superheat. These fed geared steam turbines and drove two propeller shafts. The machinery was rated at .〔〔Friedman 2009, p. 180.〕〔Gardiner and Chesneau 1980, p. 37.〕 The main gun armament of ''Ambuscade'' consisted of four 4.7 inch BL Mk I guns. These guns fired a shell to a range of at a rate of about 5–6 rounds per gun per minute, with 190 shells carried per gun. (Later destroyers were fitted with QF guns firing cased charges and giving a higher rate of fire).〔〔Friedman 2009, pp. 180–181, 298.〕 Anti-aircraft armament consisted of two 2-pounder pom-poms (with 100 rounds per gun) and four Lewis guns. Torpedo armament consisted of the required six 21 inch torpedo tubes, in two triple mounts.〔〔Friedman 2009, p. 298.〕 The ship's armament went a number of changes during the Second World War. By April 1941, the aft triple torpedo-tube mount was replaced by a 3-inch (76 mm) anti-aircraft gun.〔〔Friedman 2009, p. 241.〕 Further changes included the addition of two Oerlikon 20 mm cannon,〔Friedman 2009, p. 243.〕 the removal of two 4.7 inch guns ("A"- and "Y"-mount), replacement of the ships rangefinder and director with radar, fitting of the Hedgehog anti-submarine mortar and a heavier depth charge outfit.〔 The ship's Hedgehog mount and remaining torpedo tubes were removed when the ship was fitted with two Squid launchers in May 1943.〔〔 ''Ambuscade'' was laid down at Yarrow's Glasgow shipyard on 8 December 1924 and was launched on 14 January 1926.〔English 1993, p. 100.〕 During speed trials on 2 March 1927, ''Ambuscade'' reached an average speed of .〔English 1993, p. 10.〕 She was commissioned on 9 April 1927.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「HMS Ambuscade (D38)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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